Zeeshan Haider Introduction
Children with autism often face challenges in maintaining eye contact, a behavior that has puzzled therapists and parents alike. A 2017 study conducted by the Massachusetts University sheds light on the reasons behind this phenomenon, suggesting a heightened brain response in individuals with autism when making eye contact.
The Uncomfortable Sensory Experience
Research findings suggest that the discomfort reported by autistic individuals during eye contact may be a coping mechanism aimed at reducing excessive arousal in a specific part of the brain. This section delves into how sensory sensitivities contribute to the aversion to eye contact.
Desensitization: A Step-by-Step Approach
To address the challenges of eye contact, therapists employ a technique known as desensitization. This section explores the desensitization process, underscoring the significance of a gradual approach to build tolerance over time.
Simultaneous to Physical Conditioning
Drawing parallels to physical training, this section emphasizes the analogy of desensitization to conditioning for physical activities. Just as one wouldn’t immediately run a marathon or lift heavy weights without prior conditioning, therapists and parents should adopt a patient and gradual approach to help children with autism adapt to eye contact.
Behavioral Therapy Considerations
Compelling children with autism to engage in eye contact during behavioral therapy may induce anxiety. This section explores the challenges associated with behavioral therapy and emphasizes the need for a step-by-step approach to avoid exacerbating anxiety.
Long-Term Adaptability
While some parents may question the necessity of desensitization considering their child’s inherent sensitivity, this section presents the therapist’s perspective. The world may not change its stimulating nature, and constant comfort within a limited circle may hinder the child’s long-term adaptability.
Impact on Social Development
Highlighting the research findings, this section explores the consequences of eye contact challenges, emphasizing its impact on the proper development of the social brain due to the importance of eyes in communication.
Conclusion
Encouraging a safe and courageous exploration of children’s boundaries through step-by-step desensitization becomes crucial. This concluding section emphasizes the celebration of every progress, whether small or significant, with the ultimate goal of supporting children with autism in becoming independent, resilient individuals capable of thriving in a world that may not always cater to their unique needs.
Source
- Senju, Atsushi, and Yuko Okamoto. “Atypical activation of the social brain during face perception in autism spectrum disorders.” Journal of autism and developmental disorders 41.11 (2011): 1591-1601.
- Dawson, Geraldine, et al. “Early social attention impairments in autism: Social orienting, joint attention, and attention to distress.” Developmental psychology 40.2 (2004): 271.
- Klin, Ami, Warren Jones, and Rachel Schultz. “Vocal and gaze behaviors during social referencing in toddlers at risk for autism spectrum disorder.” Developmental science 10.6 (2007): 839-848.
- Ozonoff, Sally, et al. “Recurrence risk for autism spectrum disorders: a Baby Siblings Research Consortium study.” Pediatrics 128.3 (2011): e488-e495.
- Vivanti, Giacomo, et al. “Social attention, joint attention and sustained attention in autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome: convergences and divergences.” Journal of autism and developmental disorders 43.12 (2013): 259-270.
